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Home > Advanced Piezoelectrics > Materials Selector

Piezo Technologies' Materials Specifications


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  Longitudinal Free (Clamped) Dielectric Constant Transverse Free (Clamped) Dielectric Constant Longitudinal Coupling Coefficient Shear Coupling Coefficient Thickness Coupling Coefficient Planar Coupling Coefficient Piezoelectric Anistropy Piezoelectric Strain (Isotropic) Constant, pm/V, or pC/N Piezoelectric Strain Constant, pm/V, or pC/N Piezoelectric Strain Constant, pm/V, or pC/N Piezoelectric Voltage Constant, mV•m/N Piezoelectric Voltage Constant, mV•m/N Piezoelectric Voltage Constant, mV•m/N Curie Temperature, °C Elastic Compliance under E=0, 10-13 m2/N Elastic Stiffness under D=0, GPa Planar Poisson Coefficient Thickness Mode Quality Factor (@ 4 MHz) Planar Mode Quality Factor (@ 100 kHz) Dielectric Loss Factor (max., @ 1 kHz), % Thickness Mode Resonance Frequency Constant, Hz•m (kHz•in) Radial Mode Resonance Frequency Constant, Hz•m (kHz•in) Shear Mode Resonance Frequency Constant, Hz•m (kHz•in) Density, 103 kg/m3 Longitudinal (Shear) Sound Velocity under E=0, km/sec Compressional Acoustic Impedance under E=0, MRayl Resistivity, Ohm•m Co-efficient of Thermal Expansion, 10-6/°C
Applications Material Compare With K T(S)3 K T(S)1 k33 k15 kt kp(k31) kt/kp d33(dh) d15 d31 g33 g15 g31 Tc SE11 CD33 σρ Qm,t Qm,p tanδ Nt Np N15 ρ VL(VS) ZL ρV α

Notes

  1. All values are determined on standard samples for material characterization 10 days after poling, and are typical and nominal. All measurements are made in accordance with all relevant Military and Industry Standards, including IEEE, IEC, ANSI. Actual readings, measurements and calculations with vary with part geometry and product type depending on the manufacturing process and control conditions.

  2. Typical maximum working temperature ~ (0.6...0.8) Tc, °C, maximum DC field ~ 0.55 MV/m (0.2 MV/m for K-12 and K-15). Typical static compressive strength ~ 300 MPa, expansional ~ 18 MPa, bending ~ 50 MPa, dynamic strength ~ 15 MPa. Microstructure grain size 2-7 μ for other types.

  3. Typical tolerances ± 20% for dielectric constant, ± 10% for piezoelectric coefficients, and ± 10% for elastic frequency constants under normal conditions and low excitation level.

  4. The sign of thermal expansion depends on polarization direction. Specific heat capacity ~ 350 J/kg-K. Thermal conductivity ~ 1 W/m-K. Pyroelectric coefficient ~ 10 μC/m2-K.

  5. Resonance characteristics of low Q < 25 materials were determined with loss correction procedure. Data for d33 piezocoefficient determined by quasi-static method.
Very low mechanical Q, low acoustic impedance, and high electromechanical coupling factor - ideal for flaw detectors, thickness gauges, and medical imaging. Ceramic + Epoxy Piezo Composites   900-2000 (400-1250) N/A 0.60-0.77 N/A 0.60-0.75 < 0.20 ...0.01 3-80 300-650 N/A N/A 30... 50 N/A N/A 160-350 N/A 80-150 N/A 2 ... 30 N/A 1 ... 3 1300-1550 (51-61) N/A N/A 4.2-5.2 2.8-3.2 (N/A) 8 ... 15 >109 varies with content
High temperature applications - ultrahigh temperature (up to 700°C) accelerometers, pressure, knock, flow and NDT transducers. Bismuth Titanate K12   140 (133) 160 (159) 0.12 0.07 0.21 0.045 (0.027) 5 12 (7) 10 -2.5 10 7 -2 820 76 157 0.24 3500 4500 0.5 2317 (91) 2868 (113) 1420 (56) 7.0 4.62 (2.84) 32 TBD TBD
K15   140 (133) 165 (164) 0.15 0.08 0.23 0.025 (0.015) 9 18 (14) 14 -2 15 10 -1.6 >600 94 120 0.21 1800 2800 3.0 2010 (79) 2515 (99) 1250 (49) 7.1 4.00 (2.50) 28 >1011 9.0
Very stable parameters under time, temperature and pressure variations, low acoustic impedance, low aging, and Q-factor. Used in flaw detectors, thickness gauges, accelerometers, HF hydrophone; and to measure acoustic emissions, pressure, knock, flow, level, and well logging under high pressure and temperature (up to 300 °C). Modified Lead MetaNiobate K81   300 (270) 350 (330) 0.33 0.25 0.33 0.04 (0.02) 7 85 (71) 95 -7 32 31 -2.6 400 171 68 0.19 20 20 1.0 1570 (62) 1970 (78) 940 (37) 6.2 3.10 (1.87) 19 >1013 1.3
K91   360 (310) 390 (360) 0.35 0.28 0.35 0.05 (0.03) 7 100 (79) 108 -11 31 31 -3.3 400 177 66 0.19 20 20 1.0 1540 (61) 1930 (76) 950 (37) 6.2 3.05 (1.88) 19 >1013 1.3
Its low dielectric constant coupled with a high frequency constant results in a lower capacitance for higher frequency driving. Low acoustic impedance. K83   185 (150) 277 (260) 0.42 0.25 0.41 0.18 (0.12) 2.3 56 (26) 54 -15 34 22 -9 200 79 162 0.22 700 900 2.0 2690 (105) 3440 (135) 1700 (67) 4.6 5.42 (3.35) 24 >109 TBD
Higher signal to noise ratio with low Q and low acoustic impedance. K85   800 (625) 950 (800) 0.47 0.39 0.43 0.19 (0.12) 2.3 200 (114) 210 -43 25 25 -6 300 157 82 0.19 20 20 2.0 1650 (65) 2120 (83) 990 (39) 5.7 3.40 (1.94) 19 >1010 1.6
Shear and compressional resonance applications at medium to high frequencies, small diameter transducers, pulse-echo, NDT and imaging. Modified Lead Zirconate-Titanate (PZT) K180 PZT-7A 425 (225) 723 (400) 0.68 0.68 0.53 0.52 (0.30) 1.0 165 (45) 350 -60 43 50 -15 350 105 177 0.30 700 600 3.0 2060 (81) 2390 (94) 1010 (40) 7.7 4.13 (1.96) 32 >107 3.6
Low dielectric constant with high shear coupling and high temperature stability. Large diameter and/or high frequency, high power radiators, such as sonar, medical therapy and HIFU. K181 PZT-2 385 (225) 640 (377) 0.64 0.64 0.50 0.46 (0.22) 1.1 150 (40) 300 -55 45 53 -16 360 96 175 0.29 800 1400 0.4 2140 (84) 2495 (98) 1020 (40) 7.7 4.18 (1.98) 32 >1010 2.9
K182 590 (330) 780 (480) 0.65 0.62 0.48 0.50 (0.23) 1.0 190 (30) 330 -80 37 48 -16 330 110 160 0.30 700 900 0.4 2180 (85) 2490 (98) 1050 (41) 7.6 4.23 (2.02) 34 >1010 3.1
Highly resistant to depoling under severe mechanical stress and electric drive, low dielectric losses at high electric fields. High power acoustic radiating transducers, for ultrasonic cleaning, welding and sonar, high voltage generators, medical therapy and HIFU. K270 PZT-4, Navy I 1260 (650) 1530 (800) 0.70 0.69 0.48 0.57 (0.33) 0.8 320 (80) 490 -120 29 36 -10 325 125 157 0.31 600 800 0.8 2010 (79) 2250 (87) 950 (37) 7.6 3.98 (1.85) 30 >1010 3.6
K278 PZT-8, Navy III 1100 (650) 1220 (810) 0.64 0.58 0.46 0.51 (0.30) 0.9 300 (100) 325 -100 29 30 -10 300 112 164 0.30 1000 1200 0.4 2035 (80) 2320 (92) 970 (38) 7.6 3.99 (1.88) 30 >1011 3.6
K-300 excels in high power applications, and where high sensitivity, high mechanical quality and low dissipation factors are required. K300 PZT-4D 1500 (740) 1600 (815) 0.71 0.70 0.49 0.56 (0.33) 0.9 320 (40) 490 -140 25 35 -11 300 121 170 0.33 900 1400 0.4 2075 (81) 2280 (90) 950 (37) 7.7 4.08 (1.84) 31 >109 6.8
Extremely high piezoactivity k2Q under strong electrical and mechanical fields with low dielectric losses. High power applications, HIFU. K320   1450 (790) 1500 (835) 0.67 0.67 0.50 0.54 (0.32) 0.9 320 (60) 470 -130 25 33 -10 335 115 179 0.31 1800 2500 0.6 2100 (83) 2290 (90) 1010 (40) 7.8 4.12 (1.94) 32 TBD TBD
Advanced high drive materials for high power transducers, small HIFU elements, imaging/therapy. K330   3400 (1580) 3100 (1670) 0.71 0.68 0.51 0.62 (0.36) 0.8 610 (140) 700 -235 20 26 -8 225 138 158 0.32 700 1000 0.4 2000 (79) 2120 (84) 910 (36) 7.7 3.89 (1.78) 30 TBD TBD
K340   3060 (1660) 2800 (1620) 0.67 0.65 0.47 0.54 (0.32) 0.9 430 (70) 630 -180 16 25 -7 180 117 174 0.32 900 1200 0.4 2133 (84) 2300 (91) 954 (38) 7.7 3.95 (1.87) 31 TBD TBD
Widely used for general purposes, hydrophones, accelerometers, level sensors, acoustic emission, pressure, flow, NDT, medical, knock, sonar, igniters. Modified Lead Zirconate-Titanate (PZT) K350 PZT-5A, Navy II 1750 (795) 1630 (900) 0.72 0.67 0.50 0.61 (0.34) 0.8 390 (40) 570 -175 25 40 -11 360 176 162 0.41 140 90 2.0 1960 (77) 1997 (79) 950 (37) 7.7 3.92 (1.88) 30 >1010 3.6
K-500 has high dielectric constant and stable piezoelectric constants, similar to K-350, good for arrays and composites. K500 PZT-5J, Navy V 3000 (1200) 2550 (1450) 0.73 0.65 0.54 0.63 (0.37) 0.8 580 (140) 700 -220 21 31 -9 240 153 168 0.32 170 120 2.0 1940 (78) 2050 (81) 910 (36) 7.7 3.96 (1.76) 30 >1010 9.5
This material has high coupling and dielectric constants. Good for 1-3 composites, arrays, actuators, sensitive receivers and line hydrophone applications. K600 PZT-5H, Navy VI 3200 (1300) 2610 (1400) 0.74 0.68 0.54 0.65 (0.38) 0.8 650 (150) 730 -250 23 32 -9 220 158 172 0.31 160 100 2.0 1990 (78) 1963 (77) 920 (36) 7.7 3.98 (1.80) 31 >1010 9.5
Higher permittivity and piezoelectric constant make it an excellent choice for 1-3 composites, multi-element arrays, and actuator applications. K740   3850 (1750) 3050 (1560) 0.71 0.69 0.54 0.63 (0.37) 0.8 740 (160) 730 -290 21 27 -9 205 148 174 0.33 150 110 2.0 2010 (79) 2020 (79) 940 (37) 7.8 4.00 (1.84) 31 >109 9.0
High frequency range transducers, for medical imaging, therapy, HIFU, and NDT - where low losses and high piezoelectric anisotropy are critical. PT Nova 3B   205 (148) 250 (215) 0.51 0.37 0.51 0.05 (0.03) 10 61 (54) 78 -3.5 34 35 -2 350 75 175 0.20 1700 2200 1.5 2135 (84) 2710 (107) 1360 (54) 7.6 4.19 (2.71) 32 >1010 along:
polar.+
planar -

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